2023年1月11日 星期三 天气：小雨 - py 的网络日记

It is essential to know the degree an type of hearing loss. 

Aims of rehabilitation of any hearing-impaired chlid are development of speech and language, adjustment in society and useful empolyment in a vocation（工作）. 

Parental guidance: 

It is a great emotional shock for parents to learn that their child is deaf. 

They should be dealt with sympathetically, so as to accept the child. 

They should be told of child's disability and how to care for it. 

Rehabilitation of the deaf demands a lot from parents: care and periodic replacement of hearing aid（助听器）, change of ear moulds（模具） as child grows, follow-up visits for reevaluation, education at home and the selection of vocation. 

Hearing aids:

Most deaf children have a small but useful portion（部分） of residual（剩下的） hearing which can be exploited（利用） by amplification（放大） of sound. 

Hearing aids should be prescribed as early as possible. 

If necessary, binaural（两侧的） aids, one for each ear, can be used. 

Hearing aids help to develop lip-reading（唇读） also. 

Development of speech and language:

Communication is a two-way process, depending on the receptive and expressive skills. 

Reception of information is through visual, auditory（听觉） or tactile（触觉） faculties while expression is through oral, written speech or the manual sign language（手语）. 

In the hearing-impaired, auditory faculty is poor or totally absent. 

Thus, for proper communication, there is need either to improve hearing through amlification of the residual hearing or cochlear implants（人工耳蜗） and in the absence of feasibility（可行性） of developing the auditory faculty to develop visual or tactile means of communication. 

• Auditory oral communication: this is the method used by a normal person and is the best way of communication. In the deaf, it can be used in those with moderate to sereve hearing loss or those who are post-lingual（语言的） deaf. Hearing aids are provided to augment（增大） auditory reception. At the same time, training is also imparted（包括） in speech reading, in other words, to read movement of lips, face and natural gestures of hand and body. Expressive skill is encouraged through oral speech. 
• Manual communication: it makes use of the sign language. 
• total communication: it uses all modalities（形式） of sensory（感官的） input, in other words, auditory, visual etc. Such chlidren are taught to develop oral speech, lip-reading and sign language. All chlidren with pre-ligual sereve to profound deadness should undergo training is this form of communication.